Objective-C实现访问SQL实例(附完整源码)-白红宇

Objective-C实现访问SQL实例(附完整源码)

阅读量：796 次

发布时间：2023-02-22

本文共 15664 字，大约阅读时间需要 52 分钟。

在Objective-C中实现对SQL数据库的访问，通常可以依赖于SQLite库。SQLite是一种轻量级的关系型数据库，常用于嵌入式系统和小型应用开发。以下是一些实用的指导，帮助你在Objective-C中创建、管理和操作SQLite数据库。

配置SQLite库

首先，你需要确保你的Xcode项目已经正确配置并导入了SQLite库。在项目的“Build Phases”中，进入“Link Binary With Libraries”选项卡，然后添加libsqlite3.dylib这个动态库。确保你使用的是与你的iOS或macOS目标平台兼容的版本。

使用FMDB框架简化数据库操作

为了简化与SQLite数据库的交互，许多开发者会选择使用FMDB框架。FMDB是一个功能强大的Objective-C框架，允许你通过面向对象的方式操作SQLite数据库。以下是一个简单的示例：

#import 
   
    #import 
    
     @interface DatabaseManager : NSObject{    FMDatabase *_database;}- (void)openDatabase;- (void)closeDatabase;- (void)createTable;- (void)insertData;- (void)queryData;- (void)updateData;- (void)deleteData;- (NSArray *)getRecords;- (void)close;- (void)open;- (void)executeUpdate;- (void)executeQuery;- (void)closeAll;- (void)openAll;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord;- (void)insertRecords;- (void)executeStatement;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTableAsFinal;- (void)insertRecord:(id)record;- (void)insertRecords:(NSArray *)records;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt;- (void)executeStatement:(NSString *)stmt withArguments:(NSArray *)args;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll;- (void)open;- (void)openAll;- (void)closeAllConnections;- (void)openAllConnections;- (void)createTable;- (void)dropTable;- (void)truncateTable;- (void)clearTable;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql;- (void)executeUpdate:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (void)executeQuery:(NSString *)sql withArguments:(NSArray *)arguments;- (NSArray *)fetchResults;- (void)close;- (void)closeAll.

与数据库连接

在Objective-C中，你可以通过FMDB框架创建一个数据库连接：

- (void)open{    [_database open];}- (void)close{    [_database close];}

查询数据库

通过FMDB，你可以执行查询并获取结果：

- (NSArray *)fetchResults{    FMResultSet *result = [_database executeQuery:@"SELECT * FROM table"];    return [[result resultArray] retain];}

增删改查示例

以下是一个简单的增删改查示例：

- (void)insertData{    NSString *insertSQL = @"INSERT INTO table (id, name) VALUES (?, ?)";    [_database executeUpdate:insertSQL withArguments:@[@1, @"John Doe"]];}- (void)updateData{    NSString *updateSQL = @"UPDATE table SET name = ? WHERE id = ?";    [_database executeUpdate:updateSQL withArguments:@[@1, @"Jane Doe"]];}- (void)deleteData{    NSString *deleteSQL = @"DELETE FROM table WHERE id = ?";    [_database executeUpdate:deleteSQL withArguments:@[@1]];}- (void)createTable{    NSString *createTableSQL = @"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS table (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)";    [_database executeUpdate:createTableSQL];}- (void)dropTable{    NSString *dropTableSQL = @"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table";    [_database executeUpdate:dropTableSQL];}

注意事项和最佳实践

确保数据库连接的安全性：使用加密的连接字符串，并确保只有授权应用程序可以访问数据库。

处理异常情况：在数据库操作过程中，捕获异常并处理错误信息，以确保应用程序的健壮性。

优化查询性能：确保你的SQL查询是高效的，避免不必要的查询和操作。

定期备份数据库：定期备份数据库以防数据丢失，尤其是在生产环境中。

遵守数据库规范：了解并遵守数据库的规范和限制，避免违反数据库的约束。

通过以上步骤，你可以在Objective-C中轻松地创建、访问和操作SQLite数据库，并通过FMDB框架简化数据库操作。

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